Tectonic Control of the Silurian Reef Distribution and Development on Upper Yangtze Platform
-
摘要: 根据上扬子板块的基底特征，及板块边缘特征等不同大地构造单元演化特征入手，分别对上扬子板块基底地貌、板块边缘构造及板内不同构造单元控制志留纪古沉积环境及生物礁发育演化进行了论述。在上扬子板块的北缘（南秦岭构造带），为被动大陆边缘，沉积环境适于生物礁发育，类型较多。而板块西缘（金沙江构造带）为主动大陆边缘，在岛弧区发育部分点礁以及生物层；板块内部受古隆起影响的地区（川西北、川东南、黔北），形成缓坡沉积环境，在浅缓坡区生物礁十分发育，类型众多；但是板内深断裂（龙门山，二郎山—攀西裂谷带）边缘生物礁不甚发育，仅见生物层—小型点礁组合。志留纪时，上扬子板块受全球海平面变化的影响明显，至Ｗｅｎｌｏｃｋ期后，大部分地区因海平面下降而无沉积。但是在板块边缘凹陷区，因区域构造的影响，全球海平面波动对其影响不大，Ｗｅｎｌｏｃｋ期后继续接受沉积且发育生物礁。Abstract: The Paleogeographic pattern, regional sea level changes and reef distribution development were obviously controlled by different kinds of tectonic units. According to the tectonic unit characteristics of Upper Yangtze Platform such as the basement features and different kinds of platform margins, the authors discuss the platform topography, platform margins topography and other inter platform units and their controling activity to Silurian sedimentary environments and the reef development evolution. At the north margin of Upper Ynagtze Platform (South Qinling tectonic zone), which is a passive continental margin, the sedimentary environment was suitable for the development of reefs and the different kinds of reefs grew there. The west margin of the Platform (Jin Shajiang tectonic zone) belonged to an active continental margin, some patch reefs and biostromes grew on the island arc area. In the Platform, some areas were influenced by uplifts (NW Sichuan, SE Sichuan and N Guizhou) and the ramp sedimentary environments were formed. Usually, in the shallow ramp environment, the reefs developed very well with high deversity. But along the inter platform deep fracture zone (Longmenshan, Erlangshan Panxi Rift), reefs did not develop, only biostrome and small-patch reef assemblage can be seen. During the Silurian, the Upper Yangtze Platform was influenced obviously by global sea level change. Because of the sea level down, most part of Yangtze Platform did not receive deposits after Wenlock. But the platform margin depression areas were not influenced by the global sea level change, and reefs still developed after Wenlock. It indicates that the regional tectonic movement also controls the sea level change.
-
Key words:
- Upper Yangtze Platform /
- sedimentary environment /
- feef /
- Silurian
-
[1] (1) 刘宝 王 君, 曾允孚主编. 岩相古地理基础和工作方法. 地质出版社, 1985.
(2) 董兆雄. 华南泥盆纪生物礁及其控制因素初探. 西南石油学院学报, 1987, 9 (4): 1-14.
(3) 张廷山, 高卫东, 兰光志, 强平. 川西北地区早中志留世生物礁发育特征初探. 西南石油学院学报, 1990, 12(4): 1-0.
(4) 张廷山, 候方浩, 高卫东, 兰兴志. 川西北地区早志留世风暴岩及其环境与古生态意义. 沉积学报, 1993, 11(2): 66-74.
(5) 张廷山, 兰光志, 高卫东等. 中国川西北地区志留纪生物礁. 成都科技大学出版社, 1994.
(6) 张廷山, 兰光志, 陈晓慧, 边立曾, 俞剑华. 川西北地区早志留世陆源碎屑—— 碳酸盐混积缓坡. 沉积学报, 1995,13 (4): 1-13.
(7) 曾允孚, 郑荣才. 川东—— 湘西早寒武世清虚洞期碳酸盐台地及前斜坡沉积微相及旋回特征 (兼论构造、 岩相控矿关系 ). 岩相古地理文集 (第 1期 ), 1985, 1-27.
(8) 李建林, 黄榕生, 刘鸿允. 扬子地区晋宁期板块构造的探讨. 地质科学, 1990, (3): 215-223.
(9) 刘和甫, 梁慧社, 蔡立国, 沈飞. 川西龙门山冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化. 地质学报, 1994, 68 (2): 101 —118.
(10) 薛耀松, 唐天福, 俞从流. 中国南方上震旦统灯影组中的古喀斯特洞穴磷块岩. 沉积学报, 1992, 10 (3): 145 —153.
(11) 陈炳蔚, 李永森, 曲景川, 王铠元, 艾长兴, 朱志直. 三江地区主要大地构造问题及其与成矿的关系 (地质专报, 五 ). 地质出版社, 1991
(12) 蔡新平. 扬子地台西缘新生代富碱斑岩中的深源包体及其意义. 地质科学, 1992, 2 :183-189.
(13) 赵永贵, 钟大赍, 刘建华, 吴华, 刘福田. 地震层析地质解释原理及其在滇西深部构造研究中的应用. 地质科学, 1992, (2): 105-113.
(14) 吴应林, 颜仰基, 秦建华. 扬子台地西缘早、 中三叠世古地理重建. 岩相古地理, 1995, 15 (3): 17-33.
(15) 孙焕章. 扬子断块区基底的形成与演化. 地质科学, 1985, (4): 334-341.
(16) 晏贤富. 云南及邻区的深部地质构造. 地质学报, 1981, 55 (1): 20-28.
(17) 库兹涅佐夫 ВГ. 礁地质学及礁的含油气性. 李建温译, 石油工业出版社, 1983.
(18) 陈旭. 论笔石的深度分带. 古生物学报, 1990, 29 (5): 507— 519.
(19) 陶洪祥, 何恢亚, 王全庆, 裴先治. 扬子板块北缘构造演化史. 西北大学出版社, 1993.
(20) 贵州省地质矿产局. 贵州省区域地质志. 地质出版社, 1987.
(21) 刘宝 王 君, 许效松, 潘杏南, 黄慧琼, 徐强. 中国南方古大陆沉积地壳演化与成矿. 科学出版社, 1993.
(22) 李晋僧, 曹宣铎等. 秦岭显生宙古海盆沉积和演化史. 地质出版社, 1994.
(23) 唐朝晖, 曾允孚. 西秦岭南带中志留统的岩石学特征与沉积环境. 成都地质学院学报, 1992, 19 (1): 42-49.
(24) Copper P and Brunton F. A g lobal review of Silurian Reef. Special papers in Palaeontology, 1991, (44): 225 —259.
(25) Hambrey M J. The Late Ordovician-Early Silurian glacial period. Paleog eogr, Paleocl, Paleoeco, 1985, 41 (1/4): 273-290.
(26) Johnson M E, Rong Jia-Yu and Yang Xuechang. Intercontinental correlation by sea-lev el events in the Early Sil-urian of North America and China (Yang tze Platform). Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1985, 96, 1384 —1397.
(27) Kershaw S. Sedimentation control on g rowth of stromatoporaid reefs in the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden J of theGeological Society, London, 1993, 150, 197-205.
(28) Riding R. Composition, Structure and Environmental setting of Silurian bioherms and biostromes in No rth Eu-rope. In :Toomey D F (ed ): European Fossil Reef Models.-Spec, Publs Soc, econ, Paleont, Miner, 1981,30, 41-85, Tulsa. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 406
- HTML全文浏览量: 2
- PDF下载量: 349
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
