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喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程

章典 Mervyn Peart 师长兴 张英俊 朱安 程星

章典, Mervyn Peart, 师长兴, 张英俊, 朱安, 程星. 喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程[J]. 沉积学报, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
引用本文: 章典, Mervyn Peart, 师长兴, 张英俊, 朱安, 程星. 喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程[J]. 沉积学报, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
ZHANG Dian, Mervyn PEART, SHI Chang-xing, ZHANG Ying-jun, ZHU An, CHENG Xing. Natural Water Softening Processes Associated with Waterfall Effects in Karst Areas[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
Citation: ZHANG Dian, Mervyn PEART, SHI Chang-xing, ZHANG Ying-jun, ZHU An, CHENG Xing. Natural Water Softening Processes Associated with Waterfall Effects in Karst Areas[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.

喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程

基金项目: 香港政府研究基金会资助(HKU7123102P)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    章典,男 1956年出生,博士香港大学副教授,岩溶、地貌、水化学

  • 中图分类号: P642.25

Natural Water Softening Processes Associated with Waterfall Effects in Karst Areas

  • 摘要: 在喀斯特地区,水流过瀑布后硬度会发生降低,这种现象一般称为瀑布效应,其中包括汽化,射流和低压作用。瀑布效应会引起两种河水物理性质的变化,即气水界面面积和涡流的增加。为了弄清瀑布效应和这些物理性质变化是否会减少水的硬度,本研究设计并进行了一系列的试验。通过改变气水界面面积试验,发现界面面积越大,导电率降低的速率越快,由此造成Ca2+的沉淀。利用自行设计的气泡生成器进行试验,发现有气泡发生的地方,水的硬度降低很快。试验还发现,从射流器喷出的超饱和溶液的硬度快速减小,而pH值增大。鸭河和滴水岩瀑布的实际观测证实,有汽化现象发生的地方,水的硬度降低很快,钙沉淀的平均速率也最高。
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    [2] Zhang Y , Mo Z. The origin and evolution of Orange Fall. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1982, 37(3): 303~316
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    [5] Dandurand J L, Gout R, Hoefs J, Menschel G, Schott J and Usdowski E. Kinetically controlled variations of major components and carbon isotopes in a calcite-precipitating spring. Chemical Geology, 1982, 36:299~315
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    [8] Nielsen A E. Kinetics of precipitation. Macmillan, New York, 1964
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    [13] Morse J W. The kinetics of calcium carbonate dissolution and precipitation. In: Reeder R J, ed. Carbonates: Mineralogy and Chemistry, Reviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 11, Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D. C. , 1983. 227~264
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    [18] Pedley H M. Classification and environmental models of cool freshwater tufas. Sedimentary Geology, 1990, 60: 143~154
    [19] Dreybrodt W, Buhmann D, Michaelis J and Usdowski E. Geochemically controlled calcite precipitation by CO2 out gassing: Field measurements of precipitation rates in comparison to theoretical predications. Chemical Geology, 1992, 97:285~294
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2003-04-25
  • 修回日期:  2003-06-26
  • 刊出日期:  2004-06-10

目录

    喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程

      基金项目:  香港政府研究基金会资助(HKU7123102P)
      作者简介:

      章典,男 1956年出生,博士香港大学副教授,岩溶、地貌、水化学

    • 中图分类号: P642.25

    摘要: 在喀斯特地区,水流过瀑布后硬度会发生降低,这种现象一般称为瀑布效应,其中包括汽化,射流和低压作用。瀑布效应会引起两种河水物理性质的变化,即气水界面面积和涡流的增加。为了弄清瀑布效应和这些物理性质变化是否会减少水的硬度,本研究设计并进行了一系列的试验。通过改变气水界面面积试验,发现界面面积越大,导电率降低的速率越快,由此造成Ca2+的沉淀。利用自行设计的气泡生成器进行试验,发现有气泡发生的地方,水的硬度降低很快。试验还发现,从射流器喷出的超饱和溶液的硬度快速减小,而pH值增大。鸭河和滴水岩瀑布的实际观测证实,有汽化现象发生的地方,水的硬度降低很快,钙沉淀的平均速率也最高。

    English Abstract

    章典, Mervyn Peart, 师长兴, 张英俊, 朱安, 程星. 喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程[J]. 沉积学报, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
    引用本文: 章典, Mervyn Peart, 师长兴, 张英俊, 朱安, 程星. 喀斯特地区瀑布效应产生的自然水软化过程[J]. 沉积学报, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
    ZHANG Dian, Mervyn PEART, SHI Chang-xing, ZHANG Ying-jun, ZHU An, CHENG Xing. Natural Water Softening Processes Associated with Waterfall Effects in Karst Areas[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
    Citation: ZHANG Dian, Mervyn PEART, SHI Chang-xing, ZHANG Ying-jun, ZHU An, CHENG Xing. Natural Water Softening Processes Associated with Waterfall Effects in Karst Areas[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2004, 22(2): 288-294.
    参考文献 (21)

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