The Analysis of Detrital Heavy Minerals in CretaceousTertiary Sandstones, Kuqa Depression and Their Implications for Provenance
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摘要: 碎屑沉积是山脉隆升和盆地沉积的直接记录,包括碎屑重矿物研究在内的碎屑沉积物的分析是开展盆山耦合研究的必要手段。对库车坳陷白垩系—第三系砂岩中重矿物含量特征进行了系统的研究,并应用电子探针技术分析碎屑石榴石和钛铁矿的化学组成,研究表明库车坳陷白垩—第三系源区主要由沉积岩、变质岩和酸性火山岩组成。白垩系砂岩中的石榴石来自西南天山蓝片岩和低级变质岩的比例较大,而第三系砂岩中的石榴石中富铁铝榴石组分,多来自高级变质岩。白垩系砂岩中的钛铁矿多来自变质岩,上第三系砂岩中来自火成岩的钛铁矿比例增加。由此可以认为南天山的大规模隆升和剥蚀发生在第三纪以来,由于它的隆升遮挡了南天山北缘古生代增生杂岩体对库车坳陷的物质贡献,并且随着剥蚀的加深,高级变质岩和火成岩的出露越来越多。Abstract: Detrital sedimentation is the direct record in basin for mountain uplift and erosion. The analysis of detrital minerals, including heavy minerals, is a key means for basinmountain coupling studies. The distribution characteristics of heavy minerals in CretaceousTertiary sandstones, Kuqa depression have been studied systemically in this paper, and chemical compositions of detrital garnets and ilmenites have been analyzed by electronic microprobe. The results illustrate that the provenance area of CretaceousTertiary〖KG*2〗sandstones, Kuqa depression, are mainly composed of sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks and little intermediatefelsic igneous rocks.〖KG*2〗The〖KG*2〗garnets in Cretaceous sandstones come from blueschist that〖KG*2〗located in the southwest〖KG*2〗Tianshan and lowgrade metamorphic rocks by lager proportionally. The garnets in Tertiary sandstones enrich almandine, which come from highgrade metamorphic rocks. The provenance of most ilmenites in Cretaceous sandstones is metamorphic rocks, and the proportion of igneous rocks provenance increase in Tertiary. These analysis show that southern Tianshan uplift and erosion extensively from Tertiary, as a result of which the provenance of blue schist〖KG*2〗in Paleozoic accretion from north margin of south〖KG*2〗Tianshan has been curtained. With〖KG*2〗deeply erosion of Tianshan, more and more highgrade metamorphic and igneous rocks are exposed.
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Key words:
- heavy mineral /
- Kuqa depression /
- southern Tianshan /
- provenance /
- electronic microprobe /
- garnet /
- ilmenite
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