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昌都盆地古近系贡觉组物源及其沉积环境

张治波,  徐颖,  苗艳菊,  王文锋,  赵迪斐,  陈丹玲

张治波, 徐颖, 苗艳菊, 王文锋, 赵迪斐, 陈丹玲. 昌都盆地古近系贡觉组物源及其沉积环境[J]. 沉积学报, 2022, 40(6): 1561-1581. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.094
引用本文: 张治波, 徐颖, 苗艳菊, 王文锋, 赵迪斐, 陈丹玲. 昌都盆地古近系贡觉组物源及其沉积环境[J]. 沉积学报, 2022, 40(6): 1561-1581. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.094
ZHANG ZhiBo, XU Ying, MIAO YanJu, WANG WenFeng, ZHAO DiFei, CHEN DanLing. Provenance and Sedimentary Environment of Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2022, 40(6): 1561-1581. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.094
Citation: ZHANG ZhiBo, XU Ying, MIAO YanJu, WANG WenFeng, ZHAO DiFei, CHEN DanLing. Provenance and Sedimentary Environment of Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2022, 40(6): 1561-1581. doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.094

昌都盆地古近系贡觉组物源及其沉积环境

doi: 10.14027/j.issn.1000-0550.2022.094
基金项目: 

江苏省自然科学基金 BK20210521

重庆市自然科学基金 cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0624

重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目 KJZD-K202103201

中国矿业大学未来科学家计划 2022WLKXJ002

江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划 KYCX22_2600

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    徐颖,女,硕士,沉积学与沉积地球化学,E-mail: 380890764@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P512.2

Provenance and Sedimentary Environment of Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin

Funds: 

Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province BK20210521

Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing City cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0624

Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission KJZD-K202103201

The Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology 2022WLKXJ002

The Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province KYCX22_2600

  • 摘要: 为了研究昌都盆地古近系构造背景和沉积环境演化规律及其资源响应,采集12件昌都盆地贡觉组细碎屑岩样品,通过电子显微镜、XRF和等离子质谱分析(ICP-MS)以及野外沉积特征观察等方法进行系统研究。研究结果显示:盆地贡觉组以红色泥岩和砂岩为主,含纤维状石膏,发育交错层理,可见波痕构造和球状风化,揭示其气候以干旱氧化环境为主;镜下观察石英颗粒磨圆和分选性差,说明以近源沉积为主;主微量元素的岩性和构造图解显示样品主要落入长石砂岩和石英质砂屑砂岩区域以及岛弧环境;微量元素特征指示贡觉组一段和二段以半咸水—咸水的氧化环境为主,气候湿润,而第三段以咸水的强氧化环境为主,气候干热。上述特征表明贡觉组细碎屑岩主要是江达—阿中岛弧花岗岩体风化的产物,其环境演化可划分为两个阶段,第一阶段以贡觉组一段和二段的沉积环境变化为主,第二阶段以贡觉组第三段的沉积环境变化为主;进一步表明新特提斯闭合后,印度板块向欧亚板块俯冲,导致江达—阿中地区变形隆升更为强烈,类乌齐地区变形隆升相对弱,对油气资源的保存起着破坏作用。
  • 图  1  昌都盆地区域地质简图[29⁃30]

    Figure  1.  Regional geological sketch of Qamdo Basin[29⁃30]

    Fig.1

    图  2  昌都盆地岩性柱状图及集采样层位

    Figure  2.  Lithologic histogram and sampling strata of Qamdo Basin

    Fig.2

    图  3  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组红层野外和显微镜下照片

    Figure  3.  Field and microscope photos of red beds of the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin

    Fig.3

    图  4  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩微量元素蛛网图

    Figure  4.  Spider web pattern of trace elements in the grain⁃fine clastic rocks from the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin

    Fig.4

    图  5  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩稀土元素标准化蛛网图

    Figure  5.  Standardized spider web diagram of rare earth elements in grain⁃fine clastic rocks of Paleogene Gongjue Formation, Qamdo Basin

    Fig.5

    图  6  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩物源岩性判断图解[39⁃40]

    Figure  6.  Provenance lithology judgment diagram of the grain⁃fine clastic rocks from the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin[39⁃40]

    Fig.6

    图  7  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩构造背景图解[45]

    Figure  7.  Diagram of tectonic setting for the grain⁃fine clastic rocks from the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin[45]

    Fig7

    图  8  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩与江达地区花岗岩稀土元素标准化蛛网图[28]

    Figure  8.  Standardized spider web diagram of REE in the grain⁃fine clastic rocks from the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin and granite in the Jiangda area[28]

    Fig.8

    图  9  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩盐度判断图解[39]

    Figure  9.  Judging diagram of the grain⁃fine clastic rocks salinity from the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin[39]

    Fig.9

    图  10  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩氧化还原环境图

    Figure  10.  Redox environment map of grain⁃fine clastic rocks in the Paleogene Gongjue Formation, Qamdo Basin

    Fig.10

    图  11  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩风化指数与古气候图

    Figure  11.  The paleoclimate and weathering index of grain⁃fine clastic rocks in the Paleogene Gongjue Formation, Qamdo Basin

    Fig.11

    图  12  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组沉积环境演化模式

    Figure  12.  Sedimentary environment evolution model of the Paleogene Gongjue Formation in Qamdo Basin

    Fig.12

    表  1  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩常量元素测试分析结果(%)

    样品编号岩性采样位置(层段)SiO2Al2O3Fe2O3MgOCaONa2OK2OMnOTiO2P2O5烧失量FeOCIAcorrCIACIWICV
    L-18-2粉砂质泥岩贡觉—油扎村(Eg3)52.2615.946.93.556.210.683.650.10.720.129.461.7579.4476.0992.141.37
    L-19-1泥灰岩贡觉—油扎村(Eg3)22.14.571.742.5119.760.620.70.190.180.0619.160.776.5170.278.665.62
    L-20-1泥灰岩贡觉—油扎村(Eg3)54.9210.063.182.4112.871.331.740.130.580.1111.631.7573.869.5779.092.21
    L-22-2泥质粉砂岩贡觉—油扎村(Eg3)60.7910.293.351.669.921.911.650.180.570.118.550.3567.8665.2972.931.87
    L-76-3粉砂岩江达—雪集拉山(Eg3)54.4211.694.692.3311.060.882.270.10.640.1111.121.2579.374.3686.911.88
    L-79-2泥质粉砂岩江达—雪集拉山(Eg3)56.2312.84.432.179.760.822.530.080.650.129.871.2579.9975.4388.641.6
    平均值51.9911.934.052.4411.61.042.090.130.560.111.631.1878.4874.185.151.84
    L-07-2粉砂质泥岩贡觉—油扎—阿中(Eg2)55.7613.044.380.6111.620.282.270.050.710.0810.650.287.8882.1795.881.53
    L-12-4泥灰岩贡觉—油扎—阿中(Eg2)52.9818.925.323.394.440.474.720.050.740.128.843.7579.5276.9795.271.01
    L-64-3粉砂质泥岩江达—昌都(Eg2)55.5212.954.961.8510.10.712.560.070.670.119.880.8581.3576.4990.121.62
    L-09-1粉砂岩贡觉—油扎—阿中(Eg2)53.039.934.231.6914.40.91.650.130.80.1212.110.9579.4674.2284.652.4
    平均值54.3213.714.721.8910.140.592.80.070.730.1110.371.4482.6177.592.081.53
    L-33-2粉砂岩江达—昌都(Eg1)55.2210.073.351.4814.241.451.80.130.560.1210.430.772.5768.1877.642.29
    L-46-1泥质粉砂岩江达—昌都(Eg1)50.6112.915.762.5211.291.012.590.110.710.1511.790.9578.4173.6986.471.86
    平均值52.9211.494.56212.771.232.20.120.640.1411.110.8375.8271.1582.372.05
    注:ICV计算公式为:ICV=(Fe2O3+K2O+Na2O+CaO+MgO+MnO+TiO2)/Al2O3;CIA计算公式为:CIA=[Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO*+Na2O+K2O)]×100%; CIW计算公式为:CIW=[Al2O3/(Al2O3+CaO*+Na2O)]×100%若n(CaO)<n(Na2O),n(CaO)=n(CaO*),若n(CaO)>n(Na2O),则n(CaO*)=n(Na2O)[32⁃34]。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩微量元素测试分析结果(×10-6)

    样品编号BScVCrCoNiCuZnGaRbSrYMoCdInSbCsBaWPbThUZrHf
    L-18-21271712281.316.141.946.590.421.415973724.51.130.20.081.3213.16441.9429.7144.091714.86
    L-19-136.94.0127.919.74.6112.922.11004.7330.56868.884.272.690.030.572.311000.55316.93.591.4753.81.5
    L-20-11199.371.851.58.9323.242.245.612.172.653324.50.40.10.050.635.624001.4419.79.472.411524.1
    L-22-262.59.5169.447.79.0823.329.951.311.971.915725.170.20.050.775.7210731.5817.710.82.711454.17
    L-76-385.411.788.161.313.63119.969.614.810614824.50.420.190.050.988.733311.7624.710.72.761664.8
    L-79-21411183.358.513.229.631.273.815.510713125.10.50.20.060.779.554861.6823.311.72.781875.3
    平均值(Eg3)95.310.4277.0853.3310.9226.9831.9771.7813.4191.17398.6722.12.290.60.050.847.51505.671.492210.042.7145.84.12
    L-07-210311.280.654.54.4219185212.886.610623.90.310.130.051.398.961881.6120.810.32.392206.16
    L-09-188.89.5369.958.610.225.420.552.910.56616327.30.280.280.051.376.092641.5316.810.22.882486.87
    L-12-415422.214710417.648.726.278.227.221412228.80.720.140.011.6119.64992.2517.316.842015.58
    L-64-371.412.588.369.112.230.923.975.915.511314226.80.370.160.061.088.12791.7925.5123.162236.26
    平均值(Eg2)104.313.8696.4571.5511.113122.1564.7516.5119.9133.2526.70.420.180.061.3610.69307.511.820.112.333.112236.23
    L-33-289.47.7569.544.18.9922.425.64810.57113920.80.340.130.030.634.782851.316.88.232.321734.69
    L-46-117614.397.469.114.23534.486.916.610713225.50.80.190.061.458.443551.7825.111.42.431764.98
    平均值(Eg1)132.71183.556.611.628.73067.513.689135.523.20.60.20.0116.63201.5219.82.4174.54.8
    地壳值7.618140110258963941878480241.30.20.10.61.43901.10.015.81.71301.5
    注:样品由核工业北京测试分析中心完成,地壳值自文献[35]。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩稀土元素测试分析结果(×10-6)

    编号(时代)岩性LaCePrNdSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuYΣREELREEHREELREE/HREELaN/YbNδEuδCeLa/Yb
    L-18-2(Eg3)粉砂质泥岩35.467.57.8429.85.651.234.770.834.580.872.660.442.870.4224.5206.36147.4258.942.58.320.710.9467.5
    L-19-1(Eg3)泥灰岩11.1222.439.311.980.361.840.321.70.310.8360.160.8170.138.8866.1847.18192.489.160.570.9822
    L-20-1(Eg3)泥灰岩27.452.86.3925.25.261.234.650.864.610.842.520.42.40.3824.5168.75118.2850.472.347.70.740.9352.8
    L-22-2(Eg3)泥质粉砂岩29.657.36.96275.321.194.670.864.580.892.480.422.550.425.1178.83127.3751.462.487.830.710.9357.3
    L-76-3(Eg3)粉砂岩31.259.67.2127.85.561.24.930.864.560.872.680.422.740.4224.5186.25132.5753.682.477.680.690.9259.6
    L-79-2(Eg3)泥质粉砂岩31.361.27.2728.35.751.184.910.864.720.852.630.422.620.4125.1188.5213553.522.528.050.660.9461.2
    平均值(Eg3)27.6753.46.3524.574.921.074.30.764.130.772.30.382.330.3622.1165.81117.9747.842.478.120.680.9412.05
    L-07-2(Eg2)粉砂质泥岩27.752.36.36244.531.024.170.814.440.892.570.392.480.4123.9167.17115.9151.262.267.530.710.9152.3
    L-12-4(Eg2)泥灰岩43.479.59.1733.55.391.134.860.895.131.053.10.513.350.5228.8242.5172.0970.412.448.730.660.9179.5
    L-64-3(Eg2)粉砂质泥岩34.263.57.6428.85.511.215.030.895.050.942.850.4730.4626.8198.85140.8657.992.437.690.690.9163.5
    L-09-1(Eg2)粉砂岩3159.57.2229.15.651.35.080.954.770.952.750.432.630.4627.3188.61133.7754.842.447.950.730.9359.5
    平均值(Eg2)34.0863.77.628.855.271.174.790.894.850.962.820.452.870.4626.7199.28140.6658.632.397.970.70.9211.83
    L-33-2(Eg1)粉砂岩24.448.45.922.94.360.994.050.73.940.712.190.332.030.3420.8149.78106.9542.842.58.10.710.9448.4
    L-46-1(Eg1)泥质粉砂岩30.658.47.0626.45.361.134.610.824.610.882.660.42.620.4125.5185.76128.9556.812.277.870.680.9258.4
    平均值(Eg1)27.553.46.4824.654.861.064.330.764.280.792.430.372.330.3723.15167.7117.9549.822.387.9930.690.9311.85
    CL-1(P3)英云闪长岩15.829.023.8613.43.020.772.60.432.380.491.380.211.350.1912.8687.7665.121.892.977.890.820.8711.7
    CL-2(P3)英云闪长岩1529.883.9514.453.030.752.70.4430.581.770.261.860.2815.1293.0766.3126.012.55.440.790.928.06
    CL-3(P3)英云闪长岩8.6520.282.911.843.220.983.450.593.630.82.360.362.270.3220.7482.3946.8934.521.922.570.890.973.81
    CL-4(P3)英云闪长岩15.829.023.8614.33.020.772.60.432.380.491.380.211.350.1912.8688.666621.892.147.890.820.8711.7
    CL-5(P3)英云闪长岩23.9846.485.719.513.840.8230.452.410.491.380.21.330.1912.72122.599.5122.172.9812.160.710.9318.03
    CL-6(P3)二长花岗岩14.0528.723.8813.684.060.534.320.895.31.012.850.432.80.4130.19113.1264.3948.22.063.380.380.925.02
    CL-7(P3)黑云母花岗岩18.2138.665.0417.994.540.454.350.724.560.912.630.42.480.3324.07125.3484.4440.451.594.950.310.967.34
    CL-8(P3)黑云母花岗岩18.2138.665.0417.994.540.454.350.724.560.912.630.42.480.3324.07125.3484.4440.452.094.950.310.967.34
    CL-9(P3)石英闪长岩16.1431.934.1514.883.360.863.020.492.810.591.710.261.650.2314.696.6870.4625.363.336.590.810.929.78
    CL-10(P3)黑云母花岗16.1333.664.4615.844.30.494.340.814.930.962.740.422.640.3727.13119.2274.3944.341.594.120.340.946.11
    上地壳30647.1264.5.000.83.80.643.50.82.30.332.20.322
    中地壳17155.8244.4.001.540.583.80.82.302.30.422
    下地壳8202.6112.8.001.13.10.483.10.71.90.321.50.316
    注:样品CL⁃1~CL⁃10数据来自文献[28];上中下地壳来自文献[36⁃37]。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  昌都盆地古近系贡觉组细碎屑岩微量元素沉积环境特征参数

    样品编号B/×10-6Sr/BaSr/CuV/CrV/(V+Cr)Ni/CoU/ThCu/Zn
    L-18-2127.001.1415.851.500.602.600.290.51
    L-19-136.906.8631.041.420.592.800.410.22
    L-20-1119.001.3312.631.390.582.600.250.93
    L-22-262.500.155.251.450.592.570.250.58
    L-76-385.400.457.441.440.592.280.260.29
    L-79-2141.000.274.201.420.592.240.240.42
    平均值95.301.7012.731.440.592.510.280.49
    L-07-2103.000.565.891.480.604.300.230.35
    L-09-188.800.627.951.190.542.490.280.39
    L-12-4154.000.244.661.410.592.770.240.34
    L-64-371.400.515.941.280.562.530.260.31
    平均值104.300.486.111.340.573.020.250.35
    L-33-289.400.495.431.580.612.490.280.53
    L-46-1176.000.373.841.410.582.460.210.40
    平均值132.700.434.631.490.602.480.250.46
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-05-30
  • 修回日期:  2022-07-29
  • 刊出日期:  2022-12-10