基于沉积数值模拟的砂质辫状河三角洲沉积特征与演化规律研究
- 收稿日期:
2024-04-28
- 网络出版日期:
2024-09-02
摘要: 【目的】国内外学者对砂质辫状河三角洲的研究获得了丰富的成果,但对砂质辫状河三角洲的沉积特征以及演化规律有着不同的观点,特别是对于河口坝、分流砂坝等沉积单元的认识有待进一步探讨。【方法】基于油田地下储层资料,利用Delft3D沉积数值模拟软件再现砂质辫状河三角洲入湖生长演化过程,总结砂质辫状河三角洲沉积特征和演化规律。【结果】①砂质辫状河三角洲的演化可划分为三个阶段。②初期阶段三角洲生长最快,平均直径增长速率大于6m/step,辫状河携带沉积物入湖快速卸载形成大型朵状河口坝,此时三角洲整体处于水面之下。③中期阶段三角洲平原持续生长,三角洲前缘面积较大,占三角洲整体面积50%以上,且发育连片砂体。④晚期阶段三角洲发育缓慢,平均直径增长速率维持在1m/step,前缘面积较小,小于三角洲整体面积的20%。⑤三角洲平原发育大量分流河道和串沟水道,分流砂坝存在多种改造方式。⑥三角洲前缘砂坝存在不同程度的叠置关系和韵律组合特征,分流砂坝在残余河口坝之上发育。【结论】建立了砂质辫状河三角洲沉积模式,为成因上识别分流砂坝与河口坝提供参考,为地下储层构型研究提供参考。
Study on the Sedimentary Characteristics and Evolution laws of Sandy Braided River Delta Based on Sediment Numerical Simulation
- Received Date:
2024-04-28
- Available Online:
2024-09-02
Abstract: [Objective]The research on sandy braided river delta has lots of achievements, but the sedimentary characteristics and evolution laws of sandy braided river delta keep different views, especially the understanding of mouth bars and distributary sand bars needs to be further study.[Methods]Based on the underground reservoir data, the paper uses the Delft3D software to show the growth and evolution process of the sandy braided river delta into the lake, summarizing it’ s sedimentary characteristics and evolution laws.[Results]The evolution of sandy braided river delta has three stages.In the early stage,the delta grows fastest, and the average diameter growth rate was greater than 6m/step. Sediments are carried into the lake and quickly unloaded, forming a large flower-shaped mouth bar under the water. In the middle stage, the delta plain keeps growing, the delta front keeps large,accounting for more than 50% of the delta. Contiguous sand bodies are built. In the late stage, the delta grows slowly, the average diameter growth rate is maintained at 1m/step.The front area is small, less than 20 % of the overall area.The delta plain has many distributary channels and ditches.There are many ways to transform the distributary sand bars.The delta front sand bars have different degrees of superposition relationship and rhythm combination characteristics, and the distributary sand bars are built on the residual mouth bar.[Conclusions]The sedimentary model of sandy braided river delta was established, which can provides reference for the genetic identification of distributary sand bars and mouth bars for the better study of underground reservoir architecture.