1983年 第1卷 第1期
1983, 1(1): 1-3.
摘要:
《沉积学报》诞生了,这象征着沉积学在中国地质科学园地上成长起来了。这是中国地质科学界的一件喜事。新中国建立以来,沉积学在教学、科研、生产的各个方面都受到了重视,起到了必不可少的作用。无论在地壳的组成、结构和演化历史的研究方面,还是在矿物资源,特别是在地壳能源的预测和寻找方面都做出了自己的重要贡献。
《沉积学报》诞生了,这象征着沉积学在中国地质科学园地上成长起来了。这是中国地质科学界的一件喜事。新中国建立以来,沉积学在教学、科研、生产的各个方面都受到了重视,起到了必不可少的作用。无论在地壳的组成、结构和演化历史的研究方面,还是在矿物资源,特别是在地壳能源的预测和寻找方面都做出了自己的重要贡献。
1983, 1(1): 3-4.
摘要:
The birth of "ACTH SEDIME\TOLOGICA SINICA" is a commemorabte delig-hted event to all of the Chinese Geological circle. It demarks that the science ofsedimentology has already standing up and booming in the field of Chinese geology.Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, sedim entalogy hadmade mangy- achievements and contributed herself to the march of geological in vest-igation works in many respects, not only in the academic side but also in the hun-ting of economic minerals, as well as in the teachings in unii-ersities.Now, sedime-ntologt- is considered unanimously as one of the most important basic sciences tomost of the main desciplines of geology. In the recent twenty years or so, parti-cularly after the establish m ent of the plate-tectonic doctrine, and the carrying on An attached“ACT人SEDIMENTOLOGICA SINICA" is essential to the develo-pment of a science, Because scientific communications were impetus to the deepen-ing and marching of investigations,In the former days, sedirnentology has been dealing mainly with the lithology and sequences of sedimentary strata, So, in that time,sedimentology was only kn-own as sedimentary petrography. It was just a sister science of stratigraphy, Suchlike the《The principles of stratigraphy》of A.W.Grabau, and the《 Basic principlesof Historical Geology》(in Russian)of H.M.Strahoff were the benchmark papersof that sort. But, probably after the 50's of this century, sedimentologists had shi-fted their pendulum of thought upon problems such like the origin and genesis ofsedimentary rocks or mineral deposits, the sedimentary environments and backgrou-nds, the evolutional history of sedimentary materials, sedimentary physics, sedime-ntary basins, etc. In one word, nowadays, sedimentology is no longer simply sedi-mentary petrography- but rather the equivalent of epigenetic geology.People says that the doctrine of plate tectonics is a big ju m p in geology, now, somebody again declared that the deci卢haring of "palaeoceans" would be the nestbig jump. what is palaeoceansy Apparently, it must be those that sunken underthe "mountain ranges".This is why the chief goal of the "Lithosphere''project is toward the continents, Obviouslp, ther is lots of work of sedimentolog5-to be done to this end. To be worked on the origin and evolution of sedimentarybasins through the geological history, To be worked again and re-evaluate the the-ory of geosynclines, And this has to differentiate first what a-ould be the kerneldifference of the real nature of terrestrial and suboceanic sedimentary processes,including weathering, transportation and sedimentation.The ultimate purpose of science is to sere a the people. Therfore, during themarching of our socialist modernization, the main work of sedimentologists mouldinevitably focused on problems of mineral resources eeploration and assessment, especially resources of crustal energy, Thus, the origin of mineral depositsnatura113" come up as the main target, The origin of mineral deposits is no longer a simple problem as it seems.and could only be solve compositely from mangy-different sides, which include:(1)The source of the ore-forming material:(2)The sot;rce mate-ial equilibr-iu m;(3)The process of genesis;(4)The procedure of groess:(5) penvi-ronment of sedimentation;(6)The background of sediimentation ,and flinnliy(7)The time of sedimentation. It is only after the working out of all these topicsthat the origin of a mineral deposit w ould disclosed.And it is only practical en-umerate reliable geological indications for the finding of mincraI deposits after thereal understanding of the origin of such deposits,The themes set、up above are only examples of personal understanding.But .inany rate, it shout-s that a e hate lots of、orks to be done. There arc Iots of thingswe are not yet understand.We have to learn more to meet the need of oni soc-ialist modernization, For instance we have worked mans on petrology.yet wedid very little on shale petrofogy-;we know- very little on carbonate lades modelsof the palaeozoic epicontinental less; we are only in the start on diagensis.we sv -re have worked many- on palaeogeography, but systematic investigations on that svbject are still rather feeble. we have to work and we have to learn.we are march-ing on route of science prom otion.Celebrate the birth of our “ACTASEIMENTOLOGICA SINICA'.
The birth of "ACTH SEDIME\TOLOGICA SINICA" is a commemorabte delig-hted event to all of the Chinese Geological circle. It demarks that the science ofsedimentology has already standing up and booming in the field of Chinese geology.Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, sedim entalogy hadmade mangy- achievements and contributed herself to the march of geological in vest-igation works in many respects, not only in the academic side but also in the hun-ting of economic minerals, as well as in the teachings in unii-ersities.Now, sedime-ntologt- is considered unanimously as one of the most important basic sciences tomost of the main desciplines of geology. In the recent twenty years or so, parti-cularly after the establish m ent of the plate-tectonic doctrine, and the carrying on An attached“ACT人SEDIMENTOLOGICA SINICA" is essential to the develo-pment of a science, Because scientific communications were impetus to the deepen-ing and marching of investigations,In the former days, sedirnentology has been dealing mainly with the lithology and sequences of sedimentary strata, So, in that time,sedimentology was only kn-own as sedimentary petrography. It was just a sister science of stratigraphy, Suchlike the《The principles of stratigraphy》of A.W.Grabau, and the《 Basic principlesof Historical Geology》(in Russian)of H.M.Strahoff were the benchmark papersof that sort. But, probably after the 50's of this century, sedimentologists had shi-fted their pendulum of thought upon problems such like the origin and genesis ofsedimentary rocks or mineral deposits, the sedimentary environments and backgrou-nds, the evolutional history of sedimentary materials, sedimentary physics, sedime-ntary basins, etc. In one word, nowadays, sedimentology is no longer simply sedi-mentary petrography- but rather the equivalent of epigenetic geology.People says that the doctrine of plate tectonics is a big ju m p in geology, now, somebody again declared that the deci卢haring of "palaeoceans" would be the nestbig jump. what is palaeoceansy Apparently, it must be those that sunken underthe "mountain ranges".This is why the chief goal of the "Lithosphere''project is toward the continents, Obviouslp, ther is lots of work of sedimentolog5-to be done to this end. To be worked on the origin and evolution of sedimentarybasins through the geological history, To be worked again and re-evaluate the the-ory of geosynclines, And this has to differentiate first what a-ould be the kerneldifference of the real nature of terrestrial and suboceanic sedimentary processes,including weathering, transportation and sedimentation.The ultimate purpose of science is to sere a the people. Therfore, during themarching of our socialist modernization, the main work of sedimentologists mouldinevitably focused on problems of mineral resources eeploration and assessment, especially resources of crustal energy, Thus, the origin of mineral depositsnatura113" come up as the main target, The origin of mineral deposits is no longer a simple problem as it seems.and could only be solve compositely from mangy-different sides, which include:(1)The source of the ore-forming material:(2)The sot;rce mate-ial equilibr-iu m;(3)The process of genesis;(4)The procedure of groess:(5) penvi-ronment of sedimentation;(6)The background of sediimentation ,and flinnliy(7)The time of sedimentation. It is only after the working out of all these topicsthat the origin of a mineral deposit w ould disclosed.And it is only practical en-umerate reliable geological indications for the finding of mincraI deposits after thereal understanding of the origin of such deposits,The themes set、up above are only examples of personal understanding.But .inany rate, it shout-s that a e hate lots of、orks to be done. There arc Iots of thingswe are not yet understand.We have to learn more to meet the need of oni soc-ialist modernization, For instance we have worked mans on petrology.yet wedid very little on shale petrofogy-;we know- very little on carbonate lades modelsof the palaeozoic epicontinental less; we are only in the start on diagensis.we sv -re have worked many- on palaeogeography, but systematic investigations on that svbject are still rather feeble. we have to work and we have to learn.we are march-ing on route of science prom otion.Celebrate the birth of our “ACTASEIMENTOLOGICA SINICA'.
1983, 1(1): 5-26.
摘要:
一、构造湖盆三角洲的特点中、新生代时期,中国东部发育了许多构造湖盆,如松辽盆地白垩纪的拗陷湖盆,渤海湾盆地早第三纪的断陷湖盆。
一、构造湖盆三角洲的特点中、新生代时期,中国东部发育了许多构造湖盆,如松辽盆地白垩纪的拗陷湖盆,渤海湾盆地早第三纪的断陷湖盆。
1983, 1(1): 27-41.
摘要:
原生沉积构造,特别是层理的研究,它有助于恢复古代沉积物沉积时的水动力状况。随着沉积学研究的深入发展,出现了以人工水渠为水槽、用热水流模拟天然冷水流等不同途径,力求使实验接近天然水流,以取得底形形成的定量数据。1979—1981年间,作者选择了季节性变化明显的滦河中游河段作为“天然水槽”,一方面观察谷底微地貌和层理结构、构造特征，另方面分析实测水底地形和水文资料，两者对应取得了较好的效果。本文是在此工作基础上，试图对滦河中游(迁安县桑园村至滦县)现代沉积构造与水动力的关系进行初步探讨。
原生沉积构造,特别是层理的研究,它有助于恢复古代沉积物沉积时的水动力状况。随着沉积学研究的深入发展,出现了以人工水渠为水槽、用热水流模拟天然冷水流等不同途径,力求使实验接近天然水流,以取得底形形成的定量数据。1979—1981年间,作者选择了季节性变化明显的滦河中游河段作为“天然水槽”,一方面观察谷底微地貌和层理结构、构造特征，另方面分析实测水底地形和水文资料，两者对应取得了较好的效果。本文是在此工作基础上，试图对滦河中游(迁安县桑园村至滦县)现代沉积构造与水动力的关系进行初步探讨。
1983, 1(1): 42-49.
摘要:
广西泗顶泥盆系上统融县组中含有丰富的核形石,通过岩相剖面,100多块核形石手标本及50多块核形石薄片,对核形石的形态、纹层和核心等特征进行了详细的研究。核形石是由含粘液的藻类生长并捕获和粘结沉积物围绕核心而形成的颗粒。核形石的形态及纹层特征能反映它形成的条件。核形石不限定在动荡环境,如帽状、花瓣状核形石形成于浅水低能间歇性弱搅动的沉积环境。核形石的堆积环境与形成环境可以一致,也可以不一致。
广西泗顶泥盆系上统融县组中含有丰富的核形石,通过岩相剖面,100多块核形石手标本及50多块核形石薄片,对核形石的形态、纹层和核心等特征进行了详细的研究。核形石是由含粘液的藻类生长并捕获和粘结沉积物围绕核心而形成的颗粒。核形石的形态及纹层特征能反映它形成的条件。核形石不限定在动荡环境,如帽状、花瓣状核形石形成于浅水低能间歇性弱搅动的沉积环境。核形石的堆积环境与形成环境可以一致,也可以不一致。
1983, 1(1): 50-62.
摘要:
抚仙湖地处云南高原东部,是我国地壳断陷形成的第二深水湖。湖面海拔1721米,面积211平方公里1,平均水深89米,最大水深155米,为滇东湖群中面积仅次于滇池的大湖。除湖盆南北两端为面积不大的湖积—冲积平原外,四周均被石灰岩、砂砾岩、玄武岩组成的断块山所环绕。湖岸陡峭,植被稀疏,在温湿气候条件下,发育了厚达数十米的疏松风化壳,为现代湖泊沉积提供了丰富的碎屑物质。湖岸间歇性山间小溪源短流急,每年雨季,暴雨洪流携带大量碎石、泥砂倾泻入湖充填湖盆。
抚仙湖地处云南高原东部,是我国地壳断陷形成的第二深水湖。湖面海拔1721米,面积211平方公里1,平均水深89米,最大水深155米,为滇东湖群中面积仅次于滇池的大湖。除湖盆南北两端为面积不大的湖积—冲积平原外,四周均被石灰岩、砂砾岩、玄武岩组成的断块山所环绕。湖岸陡峭,植被稀疏,在温湿气候条件下,发育了厚达数十米的疏松风化壳,为现代湖泊沉积提供了丰富的碎屑物质。湖岸间歇性山间小溪源短流急,每年雨季,暴雨洪流携带大量碎石、泥砂倾泻入湖充填湖盆。
1983, 1(1): 63-74.
摘要:
东海大陆架是世界上最宽广的陆架之一,它有着广阔的沉积盆地,沉积物巨厚,沉积过程复杂,油气资源丰富,特别是钙质沉积物分布非常广泛。本文,对东海沉积物中碳酸盐进行了研究，其范围主要包括北纬26015‘至北纬3.l000',冲绳海槽以西的广大海域。采集和分析样品的站位计445个。
东海大陆架是世界上最宽广的陆架之一,它有着广阔的沉积盆地,沉积物巨厚,沉积过程复杂,油气资源丰富,特别是钙质沉积物分布非常广泛。本文,对东海沉积物中碳酸盐进行了研究，其范围主要包括北纬26015‘至北纬3.l000',冲绳海槽以西的广大海域。采集和分析样品的站位计445个。
1983, 1(1): 75-85.
摘要:
从有机质转化为石油及煤的过程,实质上是含碳化合物的转化、能量的转换与贮集以及两者之间相互作用的过程。世界上的有机物是由生物建造的。有机物中的能量渊源于太阳能及地球内部贮能。植物及自养菌从光和还原性无机物中获得能量,用以还原CO2为有机物,贮能于其中,它们是有机物的生产者。
从有机质转化为石油及煤的过程,实质上是含碳化合物的转化、能量的转换与贮集以及两者之间相互作用的过程。世界上的有机物是由生物建造的。有机物中的能量渊源于太阳能及地球内部贮能。植物及自养菌从光和还原性无机物中获得能量,用以还原CO2为有机物,贮能于其中,它们是有机物的生产者。
1983, 1(1): 86-95.
摘要:
广西上二叠统包括合山组和长兴组,岩性以石灰岩为主,夹有少量泥岩、硅质岩,含海相化石,极少见高等植物化石,煤层的顶底板和夹矸多是石灰岩或硅质岩。煤层结构复杂,厚度变化大。煤质呈现高灰份、高硫份的特征。因此对这种海相煤系和煤层的生成条件,引起了人们的兴趣。早在六十年代刘焕杰等就提出过滨海红树成煤的看法[1],近年来,由于碳酸盐理论的广泛应用,以及对现代沉积的考察,对它的研究又有了新的进展，黄酒和等(2) 深入地进行了合山剖面的岩石学研究，详细描述岩石类型，系统分析了该区碳酸盐的浅水成因标志。李有亮等(3) 进而提出潮坪沼泽成煤的论点。卓越提出与海南岛红树林和红树泥炭类比，认为它们是合山组煤层形成条件的自然模拟(4. 5) .作者最近大量观察合山组岩石薄片，发现煤层顶板和底板的裸松t:极勺发一育从而提出藻坪沼于子成煤模式。
广西上二叠统包括合山组和长兴组,岩性以石灰岩为主,夹有少量泥岩、硅质岩,含海相化石,极少见高等植物化石,煤层的顶底板和夹矸多是石灰岩或硅质岩。煤层结构复杂,厚度变化大。煤质呈现高灰份、高硫份的特征。因此对这种海相煤系和煤层的生成条件,引起了人们的兴趣。早在六十年代刘焕杰等就提出过滨海红树成煤的看法[1],近年来,由于碳酸盐理论的广泛应用,以及对现代沉积的考察,对它的研究又有了新的进展，黄酒和等(2) 深入地进行了合山剖面的岩石学研究，详细描述岩石类型，系统分析了该区碳酸盐的浅水成因标志。李有亮等(3) 进而提出潮坪沼泽成煤的论点。卓越提出与海南岛红树林和红树泥炭类比，认为它们是合山组煤层形成条件的自然模拟(4. 5) .作者最近大量观察合山组岩石薄片，发现煤层顶板和底板的裸松t:极勺发一育从而提出藻坪沼于子成煤模式。
1983, 1(1): 96-106.
摘要:
1978年以来,国外陆续发表了几篇有关单芳甾烷鉴定和应用的文章。由于单芳甾烷能为原油和生油岩的地球化学对比以及有机质的热演化提供重要信息,所以引起有机地球化学工作者的重视。
1978年以来,国外陆续发表了几篇有关单芳甾烷鉴定和应用的文章。由于单芳甾烷能为原油和生油岩的地球化学对比以及有机质的热演化提供重要信息,所以引起有机地球化学工作者的重视。
1983, 1(1): 118-128.
摘要:
在自然演化成烃过程中,对不成熟生油岩起主导作用的因素是温度和时间。根据化学动力学原理,时间和温度可以互相补偿。因此我们有可能通过模拟试验的方法,用提高反应温度来缩短反应时间,从而实现在室内的条件下,研究有机质在地层中的生油过程。这一方法得到了国内外学者的公认和采用[1-6]。本文是通过对东营凹陷南坡草13—15井的一块不成熟生油岩的系统模拟试验结果进行分析研究，初步证实了它不仅可以验证自然演化剖面的结果，划分生油带，而且还进一步探讨了为生油量的计算提供必要参数的可能性。
在自然演化成烃过程中,对不成熟生油岩起主导作用的因素是温度和时间。根据化学动力学原理,时间和温度可以互相补偿。因此我们有可能通过模拟试验的方法,用提高反应温度来缩短反应时间,从而实现在室内的条件下,研究有机质在地层中的生油过程。这一方法得到了国内外学者的公认和采用[1-6]。本文是通过对东营凹陷南坡草13—15井的一块不成熟生油岩的系统模拟试验结果进行分析研究，初步证实了它不仅可以验证自然演化剖面的结果，划分生油带，而且还进一步探讨了为生油量的计算提供必要参数的可能性。
1983, 1(1): 129-136.
摘要:
60年代初苏联的研究了蒙脱石、高岭石、蛭石、铝土矿、钠长石等对铀的吸附作用及这些矿物吸附铀与作用时间、温度、氢离子、溶液铀浓度之间的关系。认为粘土吸附铀与这些矿物的离子交换性能密切相关,且其吸附容量从蒙脱石向钠长石逐渐减少。
60年代初苏联的研究了蒙脱石、高岭石、蛭石、铝土矿、钠长石等对铀的吸附作用及这些矿物吸附铀与作用时间、温度、氢离子、溶液铀浓度之间的关系。认为粘土吸附铀与这些矿物的离子交换性能密切相关,且其吸附容量从蒙脱石向钠长石逐渐减少。
1983, 1(1): 107-117.
摘要:
沉积相是在特定环境条件下形成的地质体,沉积相的研究.在石油地质研究中占有重要地位。根据国内外油气勘探表明,油气的生成与分布.均与沉积相带有密切的关系[1]。我国陆相沉积盆地,与海相沉积盆地相比较,具有多物源,多沉积体系,相带多呈环状公布的特征。勘探实践及研究表明,沉积相带的分布与油气生成及聚集关系密切。
沉积相是在特定环境条件下形成的地质体,沉积相的研究.在石油地质研究中占有重要地位。根据国内外油气勘探表明,油气的生成与分布.均与沉积相带有密切的关系[1]。我国陆相沉积盆地,与海相沉积盆地相比较,具有多物源,多沉积体系,相带多呈环状公布的特征。勘探实践及研究表明,沉积相带的分布与油气生成及聚集关系密切。
